The mean intensity±SD for CLSTN1, CLU and NGAL in lung cancer patients were 82.4±17.2, 110.5±23.8 and 63.5±17.7, whereas in healthy controls, the intensity was 11.3±4.1, 49.2±17.6 and 35.5±5.3, respectively. Here, LCN2 is linked to lung carcinoma.