Notably, β-cells of both BB and LEW.1WR1 rats express Ccl11 (J.P. Mordes, E.P. Blankenhorn, and M.J. Hessner unpublished results) and T1D can be delayed/prevented in these spontaneous and viral triggered rat models by therapeutics that target innate immune processes, including the mast cell inhibitors cromolyn and salbutamol, IL-1RN, and salicylate, a potent inhibitor of NF-κB activity [7, 89]. The gene discussed is IL1RN; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.