Concordant with the observation that miR-34a decreased the expression of SEM3A, KLF4, and VEGFA in canine OSA cell lines and that miR-34a negatively regulates KLF4 and VEGFA transcripts, we found that in primary canine OSA tumors expressing low basal levels of miR-34a, expression of these putative target genes was significantly increased compared to normal osteoblasts possessing high miR-34a levels. The gene discussed is KLF4; the disease is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.