BARD1 and neoplasm: Tumor suppressor functions of BRCA1 are thought to be mediated by the BARD1-BRCA1 heterodimer which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase implicated in DNA repair [18,19] and in other essential functions for maintaining genomic stability [62,63], as homologous recombination [64], centrosome duplication [62] and mitotic spindle assembly [65] (Figure 3).