NPPB and hypertensive disorder: The presence of hypertension (p = 0.03), low preoperative cardiac function (p <0.0001), high BNP levels (p = 0.01), and postoperative complications (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with the development of MACE, while age, the use of cardioprotective medications, and types of surgery were not associated with the incidence of MACE.