NUDT1 and cancer: Since the first-in-class MTH1 inhibitors TH588 and TH287 were confirmed to induce oxidative DNA damage, cytotoxicity and suppressive response to xenograft tumors [20], the addition of MTH1 inhibitors or knockdown of MTH1 via shRNA, siRNA, or CRISPR has been performed in a variety of cancer cells in order to evaluate their therapeutic utility [32–35].