However, only miR-103 was directly involved in the regulation of pancreatic cancer-associated processes: E-cadherin signalling events (CDH1), TGF beta signalling pathway (TGFBR2, APC, CDH1, CREBBP, EP300, SMAD3, TSC2), and altered TFG-beta SMAD dependent signalling (TGFBR2, SMAD3, and FBXW7). This evidence concerns the gene TSC2 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.