In a phase II clinical trial, 87 patients with previously treated KRAS-mutant NSCLC were randomized to receive treatment of docetaxel with selumetinib (an oral MEK inhibitor) vs. docetaxel with placebo; results from this study showed improved PFS in the selumetinib arm (5.3 months) compared with the placebo are (2.1 months; Jänne et al., 2013). The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.