RHOA and urinary bladder carcinoma: Based on the findings of our study and those of others, we inferred that RhoA acts as an upstream regulatory protein of MMPs, and when the expression of RhoA is inhibited by flaccidoxide-13-acetate, the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 decrease, leading to reductions in the cell migration and invasion abilities of T24 and RT4 bladder cancer cells (Figure 4).