The molecular basis of CHI involves defects in key genes (ABCC8, KCNJ11, GLUD1, GCK, HADH, SLC16A1, HNF1A, HNF4A, UCP2, HK1, PGM1, PMM2 and FOXA2) which regulate insulin secretion. The gene discussed is ABCC8; the disease is congenital isolated hyperinsulinism.