Therefore, since small-molecule dual antagonists of c-IAP1 and XIAP, such as ASTX660, have been recently progressed into phase-II clinical studies in patients with various types of advanced haematological or solid cancer, including DLBCL, T-cell lymphoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and cervical carcinoma, these therapeutic molecules could be further developed to selectively target oncogenic NF-κB signalling in those clinical cases in which NF-κB is activated by the overexpression of c-IAP1 and/or XIAP proteins. The gene discussed is BIRC2; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.