It is anticipated that, in future, some moderate-risk markers will be included in existing panel tests used in clinical genetics practice.11–13 While high penetrance genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer a lifetime risk for cancer of 50% or greater, the lifetime risk for moderately penetrant genes ranges from 20% to 50%, and low penetrance genes are thought to have a limited effect.14 This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and cancer.