TGFβ1 stimulation significantly increased mRNA expression of characteristic myofibroblastic molecules, i.e., alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), EDA-domain containing fibronectin (FN-EDA), type I collagen (Col I), and type III collagen (Col III), in both normal and IPF fibroblasts. The gene discussed is ACTA1; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.