Variants in CNTNAP2 and CNTN4 have been considered potentially contributory to risk for ASD, Tourette Disorder and psychiatric disease (Alarcon et al., 2008; Bakkaloglu et al., 2008; Roohi et al., 2009; Verkerk et al., 2003), but a recent study in which six CNTN and four CNTNAP genes (including CNTN4 and CNTNAP2) were subjected to targeted next generation exon sequencing in 2704 ASD cases and 2747 controls did not find any association of rare variants in these genes with ASD (Murdoch et al., 2015). Here, CNTNAP1 is linked to Tourette syndrome.