INS and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4: In mammals, the problem of dual pathology (metabolic disorders of both glucose and lipids) caused by insulin secretion deficiency is characterized mainly by insulin resistance leading to increased blood sugar levels for glucose metabolic disorders, and to increased TG and maybe low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol resulting in type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia for lipid metabolic disorders(Grill and Qvigstad, 2000; Goldberg, 2001).