Therefore, it was postulated that the anti-inflammatory effect of pioglitazone in STC-induced pancreatitis might be due, in part, to the inhibition of activation of inflammation signaling pathways, and Card9 might be implicated in the pathogenesis of SAP by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is pancreatitis.