SPP1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: The same study has reported that OPN silencing in HCC cells resulted in suppression of αv, β1, and β3 integrin expression, inhibition of NF-κB signaling activation, and blockade of BCL-2/B-cell lymphoma-extra large (BCL-XL) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) expression, increase of BAX expression, inducing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis [88].