INS and Insulin resistance: As expected, Mito-Ob mice developed obesity independent of diet.70 Interestingly, female Mito-Ob mice had normal glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, whereas male Mito-Ob mice developed impaired glucose homeostasis, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.70 These results provide evidence that PHB1 has roles in regulating adipose tissue homeostasis and in sex-dimorphic functions.