PTEN and Parkinson disease: This study of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSc) differentiated motor neurons open gates to new approaches in ALS therapy.61 In age-related neurodegenerative disorder like Parkinson’s disease, oxidative stress due to PTEN accumulation in mitochondria associated with Bax, cytochrome c and activated Caspase 3 leads to mitophagy, which is the primary reason for neurodegeneration in patients.