ACE and metabolic disease: All components of angiotensin system (including ACE, ACE2, AT1R and AT2R) are present in white adipocytes and closely linked to the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders.16,17 As white adipocytes are inducible into brown-like adipocytes in response to various activators, especially cold exposure and thyroid hormone, we have investigated whether adipose angiotensin system (RAS) acts the mediator.