XPO1 and cancer: During the multistep development of cancer, cells acquire unique biological properties that enable them to become neoplastic and eventually malignant.74 These properties include genomic instability, sustained proliferation, resistance to cell death, reprogramming of cellular energetics and so on, which are summarized as the hallmarks of cancer by Hanahan and Weinberg.75 Intriguingly, many CRM1 cargoes are found to be critical for at least nine hallmark features of cancer (Figure 2).