CXCL1 and infection: Infection of alveolar Mφ by virulent M. bovis induced greater transcription of several chemokines, e.g., chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), than that induced by an attenuated isogenic strain (23).