To determine the functions of C18-ceramide in glioma, we increased the expression of CERS1 and CERS1 (H138A) by pcDNA3.1(+)/CERS1 transfection, which exclusively synthesized C18-ceramide, in glioma cells U251 (Supplementary Figure 2A, 2C) and A172 (Supplementary Figure 2B, 2D). The gene discussed is CERS1; the disease is glioma.