PTGS2 and colonic neoplasm: In HT29 colon cancer cells, the treatment with the unsaponifiable fraction decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis paralleled by upregulation of p53 and PPARγ; downregulation of COX-2; and accumulation of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-α (IKBα), an inhibitor of proinflammatory NF-κB (88).