GJA1 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): As shown in Figure 2C, Cx43fl/fl mice expressing Cx43 GJ channels and HCs had amplification of apoptosis as upon microinjection of HIV-infected astrocytoma cells, TUNEL-positive cells were observed up to a distance of 199.72 ± 49.52 μm from the site of microinjection as opposed to 20.56 ± 23.63 μm when uninfected U87-CD4-CCR5 cells were microinjected (Table 1).