This reveals their distinct, non‐overlapping roles, which emerged during the evolution of reproduction‐controlling mechanisms.75, 76 Nonetheless, the screening of NANOS2 and NANOS3 in a large group of men who were suffering from reproductive failure provided no evidence of infertility‐causing mutations of these two genes.77, 78 Therefore, although it has been shown that Nanos1 disruption had no detrimental consequences for germ cell development in the mouse,79 the NANOS1 (10q26.11) gene in this group of patients was analyzed. Here, NANOS1 is linked to Infertility.