Among the genes with the highest overexpression in FMDV carriers were serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 (SRSF 9), high mobility group nucleosome binding domain 5 (HMGN5), insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3), zinc finger protein 280B (ZNF280B), hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif-like (HEYL), and YKT6 v-SNARE homolog (YKT6), which have all been associated with tumor progression and the inhibition of pathways that promote apoptosis and regulation of cellular growth66–71. This evidence concerns the gene IGF2 and neoplasm.