In order to further explore the underlying mechanisms by which ADSC transplantation suppressed liver fibrosis, we next investigate whether TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling was involved in the therapeutic effects of ADSC transplantation on liver fibrosis since the TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling plays an important role in the progression of liver fibrosis [27, 28]. Here, SMAD3 is linked to Hepatic fibrosis.