GAL and hypopharyngeal carcinoma: Regarding laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma, it was established that gal-1 and gal-7 increased during carcinogenesis (Table 1), with a shift of gal-1 localization from the nucleus towards the cytoplasm during the progression of high grade dysplasia to carcinoma, and a shift of gal-7 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus between normal epithelium and dysplasia [25].