We have subsequently examined the effects of CYP-induced cystitis (4 h, 48 h, chronic) in PACAP promoter-dependent EGFP BAC transgenic mice (gift from Dr. James A. Waschek, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles) (May et al., 2015, 2017a; Gonzalez et al., 2016). Here, ADCYAP1 is linked to chronic cystitis.