DUX4 and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy: Conversely, if we separately consider the upregulated or downregulated target genes of PAX7, rather than together as a biomarker of PAX7 (analogous to the DUX4 biomarker), we see that upregulated target genes are significantly repressed in FSHD microarray samples on meta-analysis, while downregulated target genes are significantly over-expressed, confirming that both activated and suppressed PAX7 target genes are perturbed in FSHD.