Additionally, high grade serous ovarian cancers express lower levels of E-cadherin and higher levels of N-cadherin compared to mucinous which is suggestive of a more epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype which in-turn triggers tumour metastasis and possibly reduce the requirement of MAD2 for tumour spread [54, 55]. Here, MAD2L1 is linked to ovarian serous adenocarcinoma.