CD4 and lupus nephritis: In C57BL/6 background lpr/lpr mice, we found that they showed the ALPS and lupus-like disease symptoms, including progressive accumulation of TCRβ+CD4−CD8− T (DNT) cells in spleen, autoantibody production, peripheral mature CD4+ and CD8+ T cells proliferation, lupus nephritis, and other autoimmune phenomena consistent with previous studies [9, 17, 30].