MAPK3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For example, in non-small-cell lung cancer cells helional induced a Ca2+ signal and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 via phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, whereas in myelogenous leukemia cells the OR2AT4 ligand sandalore evoked an increase in intracellular Ca2+ level, which activated CaMKII and initiated ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation.