KRAS and carcinoma: In 2006, Bongaerts et al. concluded that alcohol was not associated with tumors harboring mutations in the KRAS gene [43]; however, in 2016, Jayasekra et al. concluded that alcohol intake is associated with an increased risk of KRAS mutated and BRAF wildtype/KRAS wildtype tumors originating via the traditional adenoma-carcinoma pathway but not with BRAF mutated tumors originating via the serrated pathway [38].