Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-17, and NO can be released by CD4 and CD8+ lymphocytes as well as by classically activated macrophages (CAMφs), which are important in the development of T1D. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.