TGFB1 and arthritic joint disease: Helminths and their products have been suggested as a powerful weapon against many inflammatory diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, arthritis, colitis, encephalomyelitis, Crohn's disease, and asthma [8, 32–34]; such effects are mainly based on the ability of helminths and their antigens to induce strong Th2-biased responses, with increases in cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-β [19, 35].