Conversely, in a dose-dependent manner, the systemic administration of S1P can induce bronchial hyperresponsiveness, increased lung resistance, and proinflammatory cytokines in mice [23], but intrapulmonary application of FTY720 and SphK inhibitors could attenuate experimental asthma acting as an antiasthmatic drug [24]. The gene discussed is SPHK1; the disease is asthma.