CCN5 and Insulin resistance: CCN5/WISP2 was previously found by microarray analysis to be one of the genes upregulated in the adipose tissue of First Degree Relatives (FDR) of patients with type 2 diabetes, a very high-risk group for the development of diabetes, Hammarstedt et al. (2013) found the expression of CCN5/WISP2 to be associated with WNT-regulated genes such as CYCLIND1, insulin resistance, and markers of hypertrophic obesity, i.e., increased subcutaneous cell size and waist circumference in non-diabetic individuals.