These findings were supported by data obtained analysing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database of 38 CCA tumours25 in which Kaplan Mayer curves showed that both OS and disease free survival (DFS) were significantly shorter in patients with HAMP gene alterations (amplification or mRNA upregulation) than in subjects without alterations (Supplementary Fig. 4). This evidence concerns the gene HAMP and cholangiocarcinoma.