CD274 and neoplasm: The success of immune-checkpoint blockade is dependent on the immunogenicity of the tumor (Gubin et al., 2014, Linnemann et al., 2015, Rizvi et al., 2015), so one possible confounding factor in the use of tumor PD-L1 as a biomarker for response is the uncoupling of tumor PD-L1 expression from tumor immunogenicity.