In PTCL patients the PD-L1:PD-1 expression ratio was ∼9 fold (p=0.0037) in favor of high PD-L1 expression [16] indicating that malignant T-cells are innately equipped for immune suppression and escape from current therapies. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.