Similarly, IHC of pre-alisertib PTCL patient biopsies (n=22) from the SWOG1108 study reveals that PD-L1 is also over-expressed relative to PD-1 with a staining ratio of 8.9 fold (p=0.0037) in favor of PD-L1 (Figure 1C) and Ki-67 (Figure 1D) compared to a normal lymph node control is an indication of aggressiveness of this disease. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.