NLRP3 and Insulin resistance: It has been shown that chronic over-nutrition: i) can induce inflammasome activation in several metabolic tissues such as adipose, renal and hepatic tissues [7–9], ii) can activate the NLRP3-inflammasome in macrophages [20], iii) has been involved in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance [21], and iv) can initiate intestinal inflammation in epithelial cells [22].