Infection by OV-IA82Δ119 and OV-IA82-RV119LxGxE-Flag led to marked and early phosphorylation of IKKα/β (Ser176/180), IκBα (Ser32/36) and NF-κB-p65 (Ser536) compared to OV-IA82 infected cells (Fig 5A). The gene discussed is RELA; the disease is infection.