We thus set out firstly to assess whether ARL15 plays a cell autonomous role in the biosynthesis or secretion of adiponectin and/or preadipocyte differentiation using conditional Arl15 knockdown in the insulin-responsive, adiponectin-producing 3T3-L1 cell line, and secondly, to seek rare coding sequence variants in ARL15 in a cohort of volunteers with lipodystrophic or non lipodystrophic severe insulin resistance. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.