A series of studies demonstrated that deregulation of the SHP2-RAS-ERK signaling cascade is a common pathogenic feature in a number of solid and hematologic malignancies such as breast cancer, gastric cancer, and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML)22,23,25–27. The gene discussed is PTPN11; the disease is juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia.