Appropriate host immune regulatory responses are crucial, as H. hepaticus infection of lymphocyte-replete mice with genetic- or pharmacological-induced deficiencies of the interleukin-10/interleukin-10 receptor (IL-10/IL-10R) pathway also results in colitis and typhlitis (Kullberg et al., 1998, Kullberg et al., 2006, Morrison et al., 2013). Here, IL10 is linked to colitis.