Consistent with the BAL data, and despite the globally lower absolute cytokine concentrations detected in the serum, circulating IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, and IL-23 were also significantly increased among patients with IPA (only IL-17A remained significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons) (Figure 1C; Table S2). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is Ito hypomelanosis.