In addition, numerous studies have shown that adiponectin production is suppressed by insulin action in humans, which seems to be at least partly attributed to regulation at the transcriptional level.46 As an example, elevated circulating adiponectin is found in contexts of both primary deficiency of insulin (type 1 diabetes mellitus)47 and global insulin resistance because of genetic or acquired defects in the insulin receptor.48 Genetic predisposition to insulin resistance and central fat accumulation45,49 is related to lower circulating adiponectin. This evidence concerns the gene INSR and Insulin resistance.