EGFR and neoplasm: Large-scale studies have shown the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as erlotinib, gefitinib, and afatinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with susceptible EGFR mutations, including an increased tumor response rate and prolonged progression-free survival compared to cytotoxic chemotherapy as the first-line therapy [1–6].