In addition, we divided BMP-9 into three tertiles according to the BMP-9 concentration of the study population (tertile 1, ≤39.49 ng/L; tertile 2, 39.49–75.93 ng/L; tertile 3, >75.93 ng/L) and odds of developing MetS were calculated using logistic regression analysis. Here, GDF2 is linked to metabolic syndrome.